盘点10种仍在使用的恐怖武器(上)

Today we're going to talk about weapons which have been developed over the years. These weapons are off course very effective in what they do, and this is probably why they were designed in the first place.

今天我们来聊一些很多年前就发明出来的武器，这些武器非常有杀伤力，这也是发明这些武器的原因。

Many are in the process of being banned or have active campaigns to outlaw them.

许多人正努力禁止这些武器，有的人正参加一些运动来使这些武器非法化。

Some have even become part of our everyday life and we don't even notice them anymore.

然而，有些武器却变成了我们日常生活的一部分，甚至我们都没有注意到。

ed Wire

10.带刺铁丝网

While the Pamela Anderson movie was indeed an affront to humanity, that's not what we're taking about here.

尽管帕米拉·安德森的这部电影是对人性的侮辱，但在这里我们不讨论电影。

Originally intended as a means to keep cows in their confinement, barbed wire was invented by Joseph Glidden, an American cattle rancher, in 1874.

1874年一个美国牧民约瑟·格利登发明了带刺铁丝网，发明铁丝网的初衷是为了让牛待在划定的地方。

Soon after, some people saw the potential such an invention can have on the battlefield and began using it in wars as a means to protect certain strategic key points.

很快，人们发现这种铁丝网可以运用到战场上，于是就用来保护重要战略地点。

But nowhere was barbwire used more intensively and with more devastating effects than WWI.

一战战场是带刺铁丝网应用最广泛、带来破坏最大的地方。

It is estimated that by the end of the war in 1918, at least one million miles of it were laid throughout Flanders alone. That's enough to encircle the planet 40 times.

据估计，到1918年底战争结束时，单单在弗兰德斯就有至少100万米长的带刺铁丝网，这个长度足以绕地球40圈。

The 400 mile long trench line between the Allies and the Central Powers was so heavily intertwined with the stuff that in some places barbed wire entanglements could extend as much as 300 feet into No Man's Land.

同盟国和轴心国之间隔着长达400米的战壕，其中带刺铁丝网密布，甚至有300米的铁丝网都延伸至无人之境。

While barbed wire was primarily intended to stop the enemy troops from getting within grenade throwing distance from the trench, it was also used to funnel the enemy into pre-arranged machine-gun sites.

使用铁丝网的初衷是为了防止自己进入敌人手榴弹杀伤距离之内，但后来也用来引诱敌人进入机枪扫射范围。

The exact number of people killed by barbwire is unknown, but a lot of reports came back from the front line talking about soldiers getting stuck in those entanglements and dying hours or even days later from their wounds or by the mercy of an enemy soldier.

我们不知道铁丝网到底杀死了多少人，但前线不断有报告说战士们被铁丝网困住，数小时内甚至数天后死亡，不是由于铁丝网造成的伤口而死，就是被敌军杀死。

Since then barbed wire has become a symbol for oppression and is used by every military around the world.

从那之后，铁丝网成为压迫的象征，并且全世界的军队都开始使用。

Not only that, but its uses extend well into civilian life and it's safe to say that there is almost no person alive today who hasn't seen barbwire at least once.

不止如此，铁丝网的使用还扩展到平民生活中，可以说世界上没有一个人不曾看到过带刺铁丝网。

ow Point Bullets

9.中空弹

The hollow point bullet is among the most controversial items on this list. The difference between it and a regular bullet is that this one, as its name suggests, has a pit or hollowed out shape in its tip, compared to a regular one which is rounded out.

中空弹是最具争议的种武器，从它的名字就可以看出它与普通子弹之间的区别，普通子弹头是圆的，而中空弹的弹头是空心的。

This makes a tremendous difference when the bullet hits its target. Instead of "punching through", make a hole and probably get out the other side, the hollow point ammunition and its more advanced variant, the Radically Invasive Projectile (RIP), splits off into nine different directions at the moment of impact.

这就使得两种子弹击中目标时产生的效果有巨大的不同，普通子弹会直接穿过目标，留下弹孔，有可能从另外一侧飞出去，而中空弹除了会有以上效果外，还有一个变体，叫做彻底侵入性子弹，在射中目标的瞬间往九个方向分解。

This will leave the victim with massive internal damage and bleeding, as shards of the bullet spread out throughout his entire body.

子弹碎片分散于目标身体的各个部分，造成大量失血，给目标造成巨大的内部伤害。

Being hit by a bullet such as this can spell almost certain death, as it is extremely difficult for surgeons to stop the bleeding and remove all the pieces in time.

如果不幸被这种子弹击中，几乎只有一种结果：死亡。因为医生很难及时止血并取出子弹碎片。

This type of ammunition is so deadly and downright evil that all major countries agreed to ban it in warfare as early as 1899 at the Hague Convention. All countries with the exception of the United States.

这种子弹十分致命并且很危险，早在1899年的海牙公约中，所有的主要国家都同意禁止此类武器，除了美国。

Even though it's not standard issue to have hollow point bullets in the US Army, this type of ammo is used by the police in several states around the country and is heavily marketed to the general public in those states as "the safest ammunition for self-defense".

尽管中空弹不是美国军队的标配，但美国很多州的警察都用这种弹药，并且允许持枪自卫的地方都大量贩卖中空弹。

What's even worse is that, not only doesn't the hollow point get any closer to being banned from the street; it's also being considered by the US Army to be standard ammo in sidearms by 2018.

更糟糕的是，美国非但没有禁止普通民众使用中空弹，反而还在考虑在到2018年时将其作为部队的随身武器。

Ammunition

8.热导弹

High-Explosive Anti-Tank Ammo or simply HEAT is a type of ammunition that has been in use since World War II.

高爆反坦克导弹或者干脆说热导弹是从第二次世界大战时开始使用的一种导弹。

Discovered by accident when testing the effects of explosives on concrete walls and steel plating, HEAT shells don't use kinetic energy to penetrate armor, but rather their inside shape.

在一次测试爆炸物对混凝土墙和钢板的影响时偶然发现，热导弹无须利用动能的力量穿透装甲，而是依靠其内部变化实现。

By placing a hollow diamond shaped copper cone in front of an explosive charge, on impact the whole energy generated is funneled in just one small point, instead of dissipating in all directions.

通过在爆炸点前放置一个空心钻石状的铜锥管，所有起作用的能量都被汇集于一个小点，而不是四散到各个方向。

This way a smaller charge can be used and the hot stream of particles, travelling at a speed 25 times greater than the speed of sound, can melt right through a tank's armor plating, spraying the crew inside with molten metal.

通过这种方法可以使用较少的电荷，热流粒子以25倍声速的速度传播，可以瞬间融化掉一辆坦克的钢板装甲，并且将融掉的金属喷向坦克内成员。

Not relying on the projectile's velocity to do its job, HEAT ammo is mostly used by infantry. Bazookas, RPGs, Panzerfausts and all other rocket or grenade launchers, use this kind of ammo.

要完成这项任务无需依靠炮弹的速度，因而热导弹主要用于步兵。火箭筒，火箭弹，装甲车和其他的火箭炮或手榴弹发射器，都使用这种炮弹。

Today tanks have added protection against these rounds, but they are still very effective against light-armored personnel transporters.

现在的坦克为了对抗这种攻击已经增加了保护措施，但用来对付轻装甲的士兵运输车仍然是非常有效的。