珠海航展 客机制造商押注中国航旅需求

The Hawk jets of Britain’s Red Arrows display team fly 600 miles on one tank so they had to make 22 stops on their way to promote UK industry at China’s Zhuhai air show.

英国“红箭”(Red Arrows)飞行表演队的“鹰”(Hawk)式教练机航程为600英里，因此为了在中国珠海举行的航空展上推广英国的航空业，它们沿路不得不停靠了22站。

Aircraft manufacturers from Boeing and Airbus to Bombardier and Embraer are also going to great lengths to impress China, whether by promoting new models such as the Airbus A350 and Boeing 787, offering big discounts or promising to help the development of China’s aviation industry.

从波音(Boeing)和空客(Airbus)、到庞巴迪(Bombardier)和巴西航空工业公司(Embraer)等飞机制造商，也为了给中国留下深刻印象而不遗余力，或是推销新机型（如空客A350和波音787）、大打折扣，或是承诺帮助推动中国航空业的发展。

While Beijing’s mission to build its own airliners has gathered pace, western executives at the biennial show in the southern province of Guangdong do not expect a local competitor soon.

尽管北京方面建造国产大型客机的任务加快了步伐，但是参加这个在广东省举办的两年一届的航空展的西方高管并不认为很快会有本土竞争者出现。

“China is our biggest market in terms of airplane deliveries and future orders for the next 20 years,” says Darren Hulst, Boeing’s managing director for marketing in north-east Asia. “The Zhuhai air show is about meeting customers, interacting with the government, with financiers, lessors and banks and recognising the industry that Chinese aviation has become.”

“在飞机交付量和未来20年的订单方面，中国是我们最大的市场，”波音负责东北亚地区营销的执行董事戴伦.赫尔斯特(Darren Hulst)表示，“本届珠海航空展是见客户、与政府、金融机构、租赁公司和银行接触的机会，同时见识中国航空业如今的样子。”

Although economic growth is slowing in China, aviation executives are betting that demand for air travel will remain strong as Beijing shifts its focus from developing capital-intensive industries to promoting domestic consumption and the services sector.

尽管中国经济增长正在放缓，但是航空业的高管正在押注，随着北京方面把重心从发展资本密集型产业转向促进国内消费和推动服务业增长，航空旅行的需求将保持强劲。

Boeing predicts China will spend $1tn on 6,800 passenger aircraft during the next 20 years as air travel in the world’s most populous nation grows by an average of 6.4 per cent per year, outpacing the global average of 4.8 per cent.

波音预计，随着这个全球人口最多的国家的航空客运量以平均每年6.4%的速度增长——超过全球平均4.8%的增速——未来20年中国将花费1万亿美元购买6800架客机。

China’s first domestically produced passenger jet, the 80-100 seat ARJ21, entered service this year.

中国首个国产客机机型、80-100座的ARJ21今年投入运营。

State-owned Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, which makes the ARJ21, is also working on the bigger C919, designed to compete directly with the Boeing 737 and Airbus A319/A320 families that are the mainstay of short-haul aviation globally.

制造ARJ21的国有企业中国商用飞机有限责任公司（Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China，简称中国商飞），还在研发更大型的C919机型，旨在与全球短途航空领域的中流砥柱波音737和空客A319/A320家族展开直接竞争。

Industry executives in Zhuhai stressed the difficulty of going from small production runs and prototypes to making successful families of passenger aircraft.

珠海航空展上的行业高管强调了从小产量和原型机到打造成功客机家族的难度。

“This is an industry that requires a lot of time, a lot of experience and a lot of funds,” says Colin Bole of Bombardier, the Canadian manufacturer that has launched its C-series airliners after years of delays and cost overruns. “I’ve no doubt that funds are available in China but it takes mistakes and going wrong on earlier projects to be truly successful.”

“这个行业需要很多时间、很多经验和很多资金，“加拿大飞机制造商庞巴迪的科林.博尔(Colin Bole)称，“我从不怀疑中国有足够的资金，但是要经历早期项目中的错误和走错路，才能真正成功。”庞巴迪在多年的延迟和成本超支后，推出了其C系列的大型客机。

Another foreign industry executive put it more directly, questioning whether impressive Chinese designs will ever be marketable. “Their prototypes have gone from being paper tigers to iPad tigers,” he says, inspecting a tablet showing details of a wide-body jet at Comac’s stall in Zhuhai.

另外一位外国行业高管更加直接，他质疑令人印象深刻的中国设计是否会有销路。“他们的原型机从纸老虎变成了iPad上的老虎，”他在珠海航空展的中国商飞展台上看平板电脑上一架宽体喷气式飞机的细节时表示。

Boeing and Airbus, along with other foreign manufacturers, are under pressure to share know-how in exchange for access to the market.

波音和空客、以及其他外国制造商，目前面临分享专有技术以换取市场准入的压力。

Both source a significant number of components in the country, where Airbus started to build a second production facility this year, with Aviation Industry Corporation of China, its state-owned joint venture partner.

两者都从中国采购大量零件。空客今年与国企中国航空工业集团公司(Aviation Industry Corporation of China)合作，开始在中国合资建设第二个生产设施。

Boeing has revealed its intention to establish its first manufacturing facility in China, working alongside Comac to put the finishing touches to 737s.

波音透露了在中国开设第一个生产设施的意图，目前正在与中国商飞敲定737完工与交付中心的最后细节。

François Caudron, senior vice-president of marketing at Airbus, says selling aircraft in any big market requires “give and take”, highlighting the company’s decision to open a final assembly line in the US last year.

空客负责营销的高级副总裁弗朗索瓦.科德龙(François Caudron)称在任何大型市场销售飞机都要求“平等交换”，并强调了该公司去年在美国开设总装线的决定。

While his company has built industrial facilities in China “the know-how remains with Airbus”.

尽管空客在中国建立了生产设施，但是“专有技术仍然为空客所有”。

“Do we build our own competitor? We don’t think so,” he says. “There is competition coming but by the time they get a real family [of aircraft] proven and established, I think we still have good days ahead of us.”

“我们是培养竞争者吗？我们不这么认为，”他称，“未来会有竞争，但是在他们真正拥有完善、成熟的（客机）家族之前，我认为我们仍然有好日子过。”