法德呼吁拟定避税地国际黑名单
Paris and Berlin are pressing industrialised nations to pull together a common blacklist of territories that breach transparency standards, in the toughest government responses yet to the Panama Papers affair.
法国和德国政府敦促工业化国家共同拟定一份关于违反透明度标准的地区的黑名单，这是迄今政府层面对巴拿马文件(Panama Papers)事件作出的最严厉回应。
Wolfgang Schäuble, Germany’s finance minister, and Michel Sapin, his French counterpart, also emphasised the need for sharing and publishing the names of the ultimate beneficiaries of all corporate structures, including shell companies, trusts and foundations that can offer anonymity to their users.
德国财长沃尔夫冈•朔伊布勒（Wolfgang Schäuble，上图右）和法国财长米歇尔•萨潘（Michel Sapin，上图左）还强调，有必要共享和公布包括壳公司、信托和基金会在内的、所有能够帮助用户隐匿身份的公司结构的最终受益者名单。
The German and French governments launched their plans in separate initiatives yesterday as Brussels prepares to announce proposals this week to force large EU-based companies to disclose their annual financial results on a country-by-country basis, including for offshore jurisdictions.
德法政府昨日分别推出了自己的计划，欧盟准备本周公布提案，强制总部位于欧盟的大公司按国别披露（包括单列出不同离岸司法管辖地的）年度财报。
“We need full transparency worldwide,” Mr Schäuble said as he released a plan entitled “Fighting effectively against tax cheating, tax evasion and Money laundering.”
在公布名为“有效打击税务欺诈、逃税和洗钱”的计划的同时，朔伊布勒表示：“我们需要全球范围内的完全透明。”
Both Mr Schäuble and Mr Sapin, who have led the way on previous global financial transparency projects, such as the automatic exchange of information between banks, want to seize the opportunity created by the Panama Papers leak to force through further reforms. Paris put Panama back on its own blacklist last week after removing it in 2012 and plans in the coming weeks to publish a list of ultimate beneficiaries of trusts and foundations with assets or beneficiaries in France.
朔伊布勒和萨潘是此前一些提高全球金融透明度的计划的牵头者，这些计划包括银行间自动信息交换计划等。这两人都希望抓住“巴拿马文件”泄露创造的机会，推行进一步的改革。上周，法国重新将巴拿马列入本国的黑名单（2012年它曾将巴拿马移出黑名单），并计划在未来几周公布一份有资产或受益人在法国的信托和基金会的最终受益人名单。
The moves come in the wake of the embarrassing revelations last week showing the broad use of offshore entities by the world’s rich and powerful.
上周令人难堪的文件曝光事件显示，全球富豪和权势阶层大量利用离岸实体。
Offshore jurisdictions are expected to rank high on the agenda of the twice-yearly meeting of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank in Washington later this week.
国际货币基金组织(IMF)和世界银行(World Bank)本周晚些时候将在华盛顿召开一年两次的会议，预计离岸司法管辖地问题将被列为重要议程。
Martin Jäger, Mr Schäuble’s spokesman, said that while individual countries — including Germany and France — already had the right to blacklist countries, the approach would succeed only with international co-operation. “It will only work if we find an international and if possible a global solution,” he said. Countries that condoned “serious criminality” could be “cut off from cash flows” through the Swift international banking network, he said.
朔伊布勒的发言人马丁•雅格(Martin Jäger)表示，尽管单个国家（包括德国和法国）已经拥有把一些国家列入黑名单的权利，但这种做法只有借助全球合作才能成功。他表示：“这种做法只有在我们找到国家间以及（有可能的话）全球性解决方案的情况下，才行得通。”他说，可以“切断”纵容“严重犯罪行为”的国家流经环球银行金融电信协会(SWIFT)这个国际银行业网络的“现金流”。
The ministry’s blunt language signals Germany’s determination in building on two earlier EU initiatives — the 2014 international agreement on banks automatically exchanging information, which has been accepted by nearly 100 countries and comes into force next year; and the G20 pact on curtailing base erosion profit sharing (BEPS), which are methods used by multinational companies to cut their tax bills by switching profits to low-tax jurisdictions.
德国财政部的直白言辞表明，德国决心依托欧盟早先的两个举措，一个是2014年关于银行间自动信息交换的国际协议，该协议已获得近100个国家接受，将于明年生效；另一个是20国集团(G20)就限制“侵蚀税基和转移利润”(BEPS)而签署的协议，“侵蚀税基和转移利润”是跨国公司将利润转移到低税收司法管辖地从而实现避税的方式。
In Germany, banks have given strong backing to Mr Schäuble’s plans. Hans-Walter Peters, the incoming chairman of the Association of German Banks and head of Hamburg-based Berenberg Bank, said misconduct must lead to sanctions. “Money laundering and tax evasion are absolutely unacceptable,” he said.
在德国，银行业坚决支持朔伊布勒的计划。总部位于汉堡的贝伦贝格银行(Berenberg Bank)行长、即将出任德国银行协会(Association of German Banks)主席的汉斯-瓦尔特•彼得斯(Hans-Walter Peters)表示，不当行为必须受到惩罚。他说：“洗钱和避税绝对是不可接受的。”
Jürgen Fitschen, the outgoing chairman and co-chief of Deutsche Bank, welcomed the finance minister’s plans for an international blacklist of tax havens, saying this would not only be good for the authorities but also for banks.
德意志银行(Deutsche Bank)即将离任的董事长兼联席首席执行官于尔根•菲辰(Jürgen Fitschen)欢迎朔伊布勒拟定一份避税地国际黑名单的计划。他表示，这不仅有利于德国政府，还有利于银行。
Mr Fitschen added that the Panama revelations were no surprise and that Panama was not alone. In Europe too, there was “homework to be done”, he said, citing the example of the Isle of Man as a European tax haven.
菲辰补充称，关于巴拿马的爆料内容并不令人意外，巴拿马也并非个例。他说，在欧洲，我们同样有“事情要做”，比如马恩岛(Isle of Man)就是欧洲的避税地。
