对于母亲来说,育儿实则更有难度

Guess what, ladies? Parenting is more stressful for moms than for dads. Not exactly groundbreaking news for any woman who has had a baby, but it's nice to have scientific backup.

女士们，猜猜看怎么着？母亲承受的育儿压力实则要大于父亲。对于生过孩子的女性来说，这可不是什么大新闻，但有了科学支持也是不错的。

According to a new study from Cornell University, women experience more emotional stress and strain than men while spending time with their kids. This is no doubt because in most households, women are the primary caregivers even when they work full-time. For the majority of moms, time with kids typically means cooking, cleaning, bathing, discipline, calming tantrums and keeping them entertained.

据康奈尔大学的一项新研究显示，女性在与孩子们相处的时候，比男性更容易感受到情感压力、紧张。这一点应该是毫无疑问的，因为在大多数家庭中，女性是最主要的照料者，即使她们也有全职工作。对于大多数母亲来说，和孩子相处就意味着做饭、打扫、为他们洗澡、管教纪律、让他们消气和陪他们玩闹。

That's not always the case for dads, say researchers who analyzed time use surveys of 12,000 parents with kids under 18. Respondents recorded what they were doing and how happy, sad, stressed, and tired they felt.

研究员们对12,000名家长进行了调查，他们的孩子都不到18岁，研究员们分析了调查，并说道对于父亲来说，情况却不总是这样。受访者谈论了他们做的如何，以及他们是开心、难过、压力山大还是疲惫不堪。

Dads often swoop in for the fun parts of parenting rather than basic childcare and chores. That means their quality time with kids is low-stress and generally more enjoyable. The study also found that moms do more solo parenting, have more sleep disruption and less free time than fathers. Is it any surprise that women exhibited lower levels of happiness and more stress when hanging with their kids?

在育儿方面，父亲通常都是和孩子一起嬉戏打闹，基本的照顾孩子和做家务基本与他们无关。这就是说，他们与孩子相处的时间是优质时间，没什么压力，总体来说还是很享受的。研究还发现，相比父亲，母亲通常都是一个人带孩子、睡眠也相对不足、自由时间也更少。所以母亲在与孩子相处时没那么开心，而且很有压力没什么可惊奇的吧？

All that's not to say moms don't enjoy parenting. Both men and women said that time with their kids was very "meaningful." Why else would we continue to grow our broods? But fact of the matter is, being a parent is a bit harder on moms. Who makes sure the diapers and formula are stocked? Who makes dinner? Who plays nurse when someone is sick?

但这并不是说母亲不享受带孩子的过程。父母都认为与孩子相处的那段时光都是很"有意义的"。要不然，我们为什么要将他养大成人呢？但事实是，母亲的难度更大。她们要确保家里的尿布和婴儿食品充足、做饭、孩子们生病了还要负责照顾他们。

However, it's important to note that this isn't the case in all families. The number of men acting as primary caregivers is on the rise. According to Pew Research, there are nearly two million stay-at-home dads in the United States. And in more and more homes, two full-time working parents strive to divide household chores more evenly. However, Cornell sociologists note that there are still higher expectations placed on mothers.

然而，并不是所有的家庭都是这样的，记住这一点也非常重要。越来越多的父亲成为家庭的主要照料者。据皮尤研究中心表示，美国目前有近200万的全职父亲。而且在越来越多的家庭中，全职父母都在努力平分家务活儿。然而，康奈尔大学的社会学家指出，仍然有大多数人将家务活寄托在母亲身上。

"The solution is that we collectively rethink what we expect of fathers and what we expect of mothers," suggested study co-author Kelly Musick.

"解决方法就是我们一起重新思考父亲应该做什么，母亲应该做什么，"该研究的合著作者凯莉·穆斯克（Kelly Musick）建议道。