关于机械的英语文章学习
由于旋转机械结构复杂，故障特征及原因普遍存在模糊性和复杂性，对其实施故障诊断比较困难。下面小编整理了关于机械的英语文章，希望大家喜欢!
Features of CNC control
CNC的控制特点
In previous the important features and functions of the machine control unit in numerical control were described.
在前面对数控机床控制单元的重要特征和功能进行了描述。
CNC has made possible additional features beyond what is normally found in a conventional hard-wired MCU. Some of these features include the following:
数控已经超出了通常在传统的硬连线的单片机中可能发现的附加功能。其中一些功能包括以下内容?
1) Storage of more than one part program.
存储多个零件程序
With improvements in computer technology, many of the newer CNC controllers have a large enough capacity to store more than a single program.
随着计算机技术的改进,许多新的CNC控制器有一个足够大的容量来存储大于一个单一的程序。
This translates into the capability to store either one very large program or several small and medium-sized programs.
这能力意味着存储成功其中一个非常大的程序或几个小型和中型项目。
2) Use of diskettes.
使用软盘
There is a growing use of floppy disks for part programs in manufacturing. The capacity of an 8-in.
有越来越多的软盘制造业中的部分程序使用8合一的能力。
Diskette is the approximate equivalent of 8,000 ft of punched tape. Because of this more modern storage technology, many CNC controllers have the optional capability to read in programs stored on disks as well as punched tape.
软盘是大致相当于8000英尺纸带。因为这更现代的存储技术,许多CNC控制器可选的阅读能力在磁盘上以及纸带存储方案。
3) Program editing at the machine tool site.机床网站编辑计划 To deal with the mistakes in part programming, CNC systems permit the program to be edited while it is in computer memory.
为了解决部分编程的错误,数控系统允许程序编辑,而它是在计算机内存中。
Hence, the process of testing and correcting the program can be done entirely at the machine site rather than returning to the programming office in the shop to make the tape corrections.
因此,完全可以在机器网站中测试和纠正计划的过程,而不是去店里的编程办公室进行磁带更正
In addition to part program corrections, editing can also be done to optimize the cutting conditions of the machining cycle.
除了部分程序更正,编辑也可以进行对切削条件下加工周期的优化。
After correcting and optimizing the program, a tape punch can be connected to the CNC controller in order to obtain a revised version of the tape for future use.
纠正和优化方案后,纸带穿孔机可以连接到CNC控制器,以获得供将来使用的磁带的修订版本。
关于机械的英语文章鉴赏Fixed cycles and programming subroutines.
固定周期和编程子程序
The increased memory capacity and the ability to program the control computer in CNCprovides the opportunity to store frequently use machining cycles in memory that can be calledby the part program Instead of writing the instructions for the particular cycle into everyprogram, a code is written into the program to indicate that the cycle should be execute.
增加内存容量和能力,在数控编程控制计算机提供了机会来存储经常使用在记录中的加工,而是写入到特定周期的指令,每一个程序的一部分程序,可以称为周期,写入代码到程序表明周期应当执行。
Some of these cycles require the definition of certain parameters in order to execute.
这些周期需要通过某些参数的定义来执行。
An example is a bolt hole circle, in which the diameter of the bolt circle, the spacing of thebolt holes, and other parameters must be specified. In other cases, the particular machiningcycle used by the shop would not require parameter definition.
例如螺栓孔圆形,螺栓圈的直径,其中必须指定螺栓孔和其他参数的间距。在其他情况下,特别是加工店使用的周期并不需要参数的定义。
Interpolation.
插值
Some of the interpolation schemes are normally executed only on a CNC system because ofthe computational requirements.
一些插值计划通常仅由于数控系统计算的要求而执行。
Linear and circular interpolation are often hard-wired into the control unit.
直线和圆弧插补往往很难连接到控制单元。
Helical, parabolic, and cubic interpolations are usually executed in a stored program algorithm.
螺旋线,抛物线,立方插值通常作为存储程序的算法。
Positioning features for setup.
定位功能设置
Setting up the machine tool for a certain job involves installing and aligning the fixture on themachine tool table.
机床设定了一定量的工作,包括安装和对准夹具在机床的工作台上。
This must be accomplished so that the machine axes are aligned with the workpart.
这必须完成使机器轴与工件对齐。
The alignment task can be facilitated using certain features that are made possible by softwareoptions in a CNC system.
使用某些功能,可能是数控系统软件的选项,可以促进对齐任务的完成
Position set is one of these features. With position set, the operator is not required to positionthe fixture on the machine table with extreme accuracy.
位置设置是这些功能之一,通过位置设置,操作者并不需要极高的精度与定位夹具上的机械表格。
Instead, the machine tool axes are referenced to the location of the fixture by using a targetpoint or set of target points on the work or fixture.
相反,机床轴可通过目标点或工作和夹具上的目标点来参考夹具的位置。
关于机械的英语文章赏析Cutter length compensation.
刀具长度补偿
This is similar to the preceding feature but applies to tool length and diameter.
这是类似上述的功能，但适用于刀具长度和直径。
In older-style controls, the cutter dimensions had to be set very precisely in order to agree withthe tool path defined in the part program.
在老式的控制中，刀具尺寸设置非常精确，以完成在零件程序中刀具路径的定义。
Other methods for ensuring accurate tool path definition have been incorporated into newerCNC controls. One method involves manually entering the actual tool dimensions into the MCU.
确保刀具路径定义的其他方法已纳入新的数控系统。其中一种方法涉及到手动输入刀具的实际尺寸到MCU中。
These actual dimensions may differ from those originally programmed.
最初的编程时这些实际尺寸可能会有所不同。
Compensations are then automatically made in the computed tool path.
通过补偿，然后自动计算刀具路径。
Another more recent innovation is to use a tool length sensor built into the machine. In thismethod, the cutter is mounted in the spindle and brought into contact with the sensor tomeasure its length.
另一个更加新近的创新是使用机器内置的刀具长度传感器。在此方法中，刀具安装在主轴和传感器之间来测量其长度。
This measured value is then used to correct the programmed tool path.
然后用此测量值纠正编程路径。
Diagnostics.
诊断
Many modern CNC machines possess an no-line diagnostics capability which monitors certainaspects of the machine tool and MCU operation to detect malfunctions or signs of impendingmalfunctions.
许多现代的数控机床具有无线诊断监控机床某些方面的能力和通过MCU操作检测到故障或即将发生故障的迹象。
When a malfunction is detected, or measurements indicate that a breakdown is about to occur,a message is displayed on the controller’s CRT monitor. Depending on the seriousness of themalfunction, the system can be stopped or maintenance can be scheduled for a nonproductionshift.
当检测到故障，或测量表明即将发生故障时，控制器的CRT显示器上会显示一条消息。根据故障的严重性，该系统可以停止或维修，可定为非生产性转移。
Another use of the diagnostics capability is to help the repair crew determine the reason fora break down of the machine tool.
诊断能力的另一个用途是帮助维修人员确定机床出问题的原因。
One of the biggest problems when a machine failure occurs is often in diagnosing the reason forthe breakdown.
一台机器发生故障时最大的难题经常就是如何诊断故障原因。
By monitoring and analyzing its own operation, the system can determine and communicatethe reason for the failure.
系统可以通过自身的运行的监测和分析，判断和通报失败的原因。
Communications interface.
通讯接口
With the trend toward interfacing and networking in plants today, most modern CNCcontrollers are equipped with a standard communication interface to allow the particularmachine tool to be linked to other computers and computer-driven devices.
在现时，树状网络中的网络接口和走向与趋势，最先进的CNC控制器配备了一个标准的通信接口，以允许特定的机床被其他计算机和计算机驱动装置。
