2017高考英语知识点
高考作为人生一个转折点，英语你复习好了吗?为了方便同学们复习，下面本站小编给你分享2017高考英语知识点，欢迎阅读。
句子副词
1. 句子副词的特点
句子副词用于修饰句子(而不是修饰某个单词)，反映说话人的观点和看法，如 actually, certainly, clearly, definitely, evidently, fortunately, frankly, honestly, luckily, obviously, perhaps, possibly, probably, surely, undoubtedly, unexpectedly 等。
2. 句子副词在句中的位置
句子副词通常位于句首(或分句句首)：
Obviously he can’t tell the difference between them. 显然他无法区别两者的不同。
I arrived late but luckily the meeting had been delayed. 我迟到了，幸而会议推迟了。
但有些句子副词也可以出现在句中：
He smiled nastily. He evidently knew something I didn’t. 他发出狞笑，他显然知道一些我所不知道的事。
高中英语副词知识点总结(二)
有的句子副词也可用作其他种类的副词，不过这往往会导致位置和语义的变化：
Clearly he didn’t say so. 显然他没有这样说。(句子副词)
He didn’t say so clearly. 他说得没有那么清楚。(方式副词)
Frankly, you are wrong. 说实在的，你错了。(句子副词)
He spoke frankly about his past life. 他坦率地谈了他过去的生活。(方式副词)
We can use superlative adverbs to make comparisons:
我们可以用最高级副词来做比较:
His ankles hurt badly, but his knees hurt worst.
It rains most often at the beginning of the year.
Intensifiers:
强调成分
When we intensify a superlative adverb we often use the in front of the adverb, and we use these words and phrases as intensifiers:
当我们强调最高级副词时，我们通常在副词前加the，并且我们用以下单词和词组作为强调成分：
easily - much - far - by far
2017高考英语形容词知识点一、形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质的， 形容词往往被译成“···的”。用法如下:
1.做定语。e.g. This is an old house.
2.做表语。e.g.I am sorry to hear that.
3.做宾语不足语。 made her mother angry.
4.形容词在句中的位置。 形容词做定语修饰名词时，放在名词前面。修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后。
is a clever girl.
I saw something white in the water.
5.某些形容词前加上定冠词the,可以代表一类人或东西，可以用作主语，宾语等。做主语时当复数看待。
old are well looked after.
We all love the beautiful.
二、 形容词的等级变化
在英语中形容词有原级，比较级和最高级之分。原级就是它们的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
(一)形容词的比较级和最高级变化
1.规则变化
单音节词和部分双音节词
(1)一般在词尾加er,est. hard---harder---hardest great---greater---greatest
(2)以字母e结尾的加r,st. nice---nicer----nicest able---abler----ablest
(3)重读闭音节中末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加er,est.
big---bigger---biggest (另外还有fat， red，hot,wet,sad,mad ,thin )
(4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加 上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)
(5)双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
例如： beautiful (原级) difficult (原级)
more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级)
most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级)
2、 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
many more most
much more most
bad worse worst
little less least
ill worse worst
far farther(further) farthest(furthest)
三、形容词比较等级的用法:
1、形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。例如：Our teacher is taller than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
比较级前面可以用even, still, yet , any, much, rather, a little, a lot, by far等修饰语用以加强语气或表示比较程度。
2、形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,形容词最高级 前必须加the,后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：其结构形式为:
主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。
He is the tallest of the three boys.他是三个男孩中最高的一个。
四、 有关比较等级的特殊句型及应注意的问题
1. “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more / less and less + 原级”结构表示“越来越……”的意思，与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow, get, become等。
She felt herself becoming more and more nervous.她觉得自己越来越紧张。
it's getting colder and colder.天气越来越冷。
2. the + 比较级 + of the two + 名词。表示“两个中较···的一个'
Jane is the taller of the two children in our family. Jane是我家两个孩子中较高的。
3. “the + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”，表示“越……，越……”。
The more magazines you sell, the more money you will get.你卖的杂志越多，你挣的钱就越多。
4.“ + 形容词 + as...”或“ + 形容词 + 名词 + as...”构成，表示同等比较。
2017高考英语虚拟语气词知识点一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中
1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：
一般过去时(虚拟语气中be→were)
主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
Eg:If we had time now, we would read it again.
If I were you, I would work hard.
2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词;
主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
Eg:If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.
If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.
3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：
条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形;
主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
Eg:If it should rain, the crops would be saved.
If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.
注：虚拟条件句的特殊情况
(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为'错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
Eg:If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.
(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)
Eg:If I were you, I would have taken his advice.
(从句是现在，主句是过去)
(2)省略if的虚拟语气
如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
Eg:If it should happen, what would you do?
Should it happen, what would you do?
If he had recognized me, he would have come over.
Had he recognized me, he would have come over.
(3)含蓄虚拟条件句
有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，
而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。
常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。
Eg:Without your help(=If we had not had your help),we could not have succeeded.
But for electricity(=If there were no electricity,there would be no modern industry.
He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party.
(4)在if it were( had been )not for ….句型中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气也常用于'if it were/(had been) not for ….’句型中，意为'要不是由于…’。
Eg:If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today.
If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt.
二.虚拟语气用在名词性从句中
1.主语从句中的虚拟语气
这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词(名词，过去分词)+that+主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)这种结构中。
常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, regretful.
常见的这类过去分词有：decided, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested.
常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame.
Eg:It was suggested that he(should)join the club activities.
It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invited.
It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer.
2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
①wish后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为要是，但愿…就好了)，
其形式主要有三种：
表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句
表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时/should，could have done
表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接would，could+动词原形
Eg:I wish it were spring all year round.
I wish it would be fine tomorrow.
She wished she had stayed at home.
② 在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。
此类动词有：suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist(要求), order, prefer, command, ask, request.
Eg:The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time.
注：当suggest表示'暗示，说明’之意;insist表示'坚持认为，坚持说’之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。
Eg:The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life.
3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用
(should)+动词原形。常见名词有：advice, desire, request,
demand, proposal, suggestion, preference, requirement, order.
Eg:He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained.
His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.
三.虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用
1.在as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。
其形式如下：
主语+as if/ though +主语+一般过去时(从句的动作与主句同时发生)
主语+as if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形(从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生)
主语+as if/ though +主语+过去完成时(从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前)
Eg:He talks as if he knew all about it.
She speaks English well as if he had studied in America.
He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.
2.在it is (high) time that …句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should +动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。
Eg:It is time that we went home.
注：此句型中，注意与'It/This is the +序数词+time that+现在完成式的区别。
Eg:This is the first time that I have been here.
d rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气(宁愿，但愿)。
Would rather +主语+一般过去时(表示与现在或将来相反)
Would rather +主语+过去完成时(表示与过去相反)
Eg:I’d rather he didn’t go now.
I’d rather you hadn’t done it.
only后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。
5. 动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为'本想，本打算，本认为’
Eg:He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.(他上周本打算去买那件家具，但却下雨了)
非真实条件句中的虚拟语气(以动词do为例)
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