中国蛋糕大亨造梦幻城堡

As the greatest urbanisation drive in history swells China's cities with ranks of identikit apartment blocks, one culinary businessman is indulging his architectural appetite with a visual feast of extravagant, outlandish castles.

在中国的发展史中，私人豪华住宅区是城市化发展的一大推动力。如今，有一位烹饪商人正沉迷于一场由奢侈的、异国风情的城堡构成的视觉盛宴。

"I don't have any hobbies, except for planting trees and building castles," said Liu Chonghua, standing on a crenellated turret atop the largest of the six he has constructed.

“除了种树和修建城堡之外，我没有其他业余爱好。”刘崇华站在他修造的六座城堡中最大一座顶端的锯齿形炮台上，这样说道。

Liu, who made millions from feeding China's growing appetite for cakes and bread, now plans to make his home in the grey stone structure, which resembles Britain's Windsor Castle and towers above the surrounding rice others include a red-brick fairy-tale edifice stacked with soaring spires, which seems to have emerged from Disney's version of Aladdin, and a white confection with candy-coloured towers reminiscent of Neuschwanstein, the hilltop fantasy built by Bavaria's 19th century 'Mad' King Ludwig II.

刘崇华曾经靠制作迎合国人口味的蛋糕和面包跻身百万富翁之列，而如今他打算在灰色石结构建筑中安居，这座建筑凌驾于周围的稻田之上，看起来就像是英国式的温莎城堡。 他建造的另外一些城堡还包括：一座迪士尼版本的“阿拉丁古堡”，它有着童话般红色的墙砖、高耸的塔尖；一座有着缤纷糖果色的塔楼的“蛋糕城堡”，它使人们联想到了19世纪巴伐利亚的“疯子国王”路德维希二世建造的奇幻建筑——天鹅堡。

"When I was a child I heard stories about princes and castles," said Liu, 59, adding that he grew up "with an empty stomach every day" in China's countryside and was sent to dig ditches during the political upheavals of the 1960s.

“我小时候常常听有关王子和城堡的故事。”59岁的刘崇华说道，他在中国农村“每天饿着肚子”长大，而且在六十年代政局动荡之时会被送去挖沟渠。

After making his fortune, he said, "I wanted to turn the castles of my dreams into something real."

他说在他发家致富后，“想要把梦里的城堡变成现实”。

Liu is one of several Chinese millionaires channelling their wealth into eccentric projects, but his designs have led to death threats and put him on a collision course with local officials in the southwestern megacity of Chongqing.

刘崇华是中国为数不多的几个将财富用于独特爱好上的富翁。但他的设想曾为他招来了他人的恐吓，并且使他与重庆西南几个大城市的当地官员发生了冲突。

His designs were stimulated by buildings in Munich and the chateaux of France's Loire Valley, he said, citing maverick Spanish architect Antoni Gaudi, designer of Barcelona's Sagrada Familia cathedral, as an inspiration.

他说，他的设计受慕尼黑建筑和法国卢瓦尔河谷城堡的影响，同时也引用了巴塞罗那圣家族大教堂的设计者——善于创新的西班牙建筑师安东尼·高迪的理念作为设计灵感。

One of his construction workers, former soldier Ma Wenneng, tinkered with a fountain on a balcony and dismissed the challenges of recreating foreign designs on Chinese soil.

马文能是刘崇华的建筑工人之一，他是一名退伍军人。他在城堡的阳台上修补喷泉，并否认“用中国的泥土重塑外国建筑非常困难”。

"Actually, European castles are really easy to build," he said. "The boss has a book of castle pictures in his office and we use that as a reference."

“事实上，建造欧式城堡很容易。”他说，“老板有一本有城堡图片的插画书，我们以此作为参考。”

China's building boom is unprecedented in human history, with the country's urban population growing by an average of over 20 million People a year for more than a decade -- resulting in hectares of utilitarian, cookie-cutter developments.

如今中国的建筑热潮在人类历史上前所未有。近十几年来，城市人口以平均每年超过两千万的速度飞速上涨，由此导致了功利主义为导向和千篇一律的发展。

Urbanisation has raised living standards for millions, but Liu says he is taking a stand against miles of identical apartments.

城市化改善了数百万人的生活水平，但刘崇华却难以忍受那些完全相同的住宅楼。

"China needs castles, because it needs a more pluralistic culture," he said. "A city needs people who have dreams, to help society develop."

“中国需要城堡，因为它需要更多元化的文化。”他说，“一座城市需要有梦的人来推动其发展。”

Liu is not the only person chafing at China's homogenous urban then vice minister of construction Qiu Baoxing complained in 2007 of "a thousand cities having the same appearance".

并不是只有刘崇华不满千篇一律的城市环境。前建设部副部长仇保兴在2007年也抱怨道“一千座城市拥有相同的面貌。”

Tom Miller, an expert on China's urbanisation, said: "If you were parachuted in blind to almost any Chinese city, and you were looking around, you would have the same uniform buildings.

汤姆·米勒是一位研究中国城市化的专家，他曾说：“你从中国任何一所城市的上空跳伞然后环顾四周，你会发现城市建筑就像制服般整齐划一。”

"When you are building at that kind of enormous speed, you don't worry about aesthetic niceties," he added.

“当人们以如此高速建造房屋时，他们从来不考虑美学问题。”他补充道。

But daring new projects from Chinese developers, often employing star international architects, and state-led efforts to renovate historical districts suggest a gradual shift in attitudes.

然而如今也出现了一些新的工程项目，中国房地产开发商聘请知名的国际建筑师，并在政府的帮助下翻新一些古旧街区，这意味着人们的态度开始渐渐转变。

"People are realising that it's not good for everything to look identical, and are realising tourists will pay to see something different," Miller said. Liu says he spent more than 100 million yuan ($16 million), some borrowed from friends, on the buildings, which are free to visit.

“人们开始意识到，所有建筑同形同状并不是一件好事，也发现了游客们会为新奇不同的东西掏腰包。”米勒说道。刘崇华说，算上自己支出的和从朋友处借的，他已经在这些建筑上花了超过1亿人民币（约1600万美元）。

"I think the castles are very romantic," said a woman surnamed Gao, posing for pictures in a white wedding dress outside a castle beside the headquarters of Liu's firm, which manufactures pastries, biscuits and a product described as a "dreamlike cake."

刘崇华的公司主要生产糕点、饼干和“梦蛋糕”。而现在，高女士穿着白色婚纱，站在刘崇华公司总部旁的城堡前拍摄婚照。“我觉得这些城堡非常富有浪漫气息。”她说道。

Some local officials feel differently, and two years ago they brought a section of Liu's dream crashing down, sending diggers to knock over a 16 metre high castle gate. "That was my lowest moment," he said.

一些当地的政府官员并不这么认为。两年前，他们破坏了刘崇华的部分梦想。他们派挖掘机毁掉了一扇16米高的城堡大门。“那是我人生的最低谷。”刘崇华这样说。

"The government has never appreciated me, they said I've offended local officials," he complained, adding: "I got anonymous calls from someone threatening to run me over with a car."

“政府从来都不理解我，他们说我是在与当地官员作对。”他抱怨道，并补充说：“我甚至接到了一则扬言要开车撞我的匿名电话。”

Other newly-minted Chinese magnates have also engaged in bizarre construction projects -- one businessman has built imitations of both the Great Pyramid of Giza and the palace of Versailles on his corporate campus -- but Liu has ambitions for more.

其他一些中国新贵也纷纷参与到独特的建筑项目中来。一位商人在他的公司园区内，模仿胡夫金字塔和凡尔赛宫建造了两栋建筑。但刘崇华的抱负不止于此。

"I have achieved half of my dream," he said. "The next part is building better and more awesome castles, the kind that will astound people."

“我已经实现了大部分梦想。”他说，“下一步就是建造出更好的、更了不起的城堡，让人们为之震撼。”

Staring wistfully into the distance, he pointed towards a forested mound. "I will build another, bigger castle on top of that hill," he said.

他满怀希望地凝望远方，指着一座树木丛生的山丘说道：“我打算在那里的山顶建造一座更大更壮观的城堡。”