你应该知道的关于J.K.罗琳的10件事(2)

7.J.K. Rowling Was Awarded an OBE by the Her Royal Highness Queen Elizabeth II for Her Contribution to Children's Literature

7.J.K.罗琳因她对儿童文学的贡献被英国女王伊莉莎白二世授予大英帝国勋章

In 2001, Rowling received an award called the Order of the British Empire, or OBE, from Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales. The Prince told her that he was a huge fan of the Harry Potter novels, and that he would like to know more about the movie version of “Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.” A teaser trailer had just been released for the first film.

2001年，罗琳从威尔士亲王——查尔斯王子（Prince Charles）处领取到大英帝国勋章。王子告诉她，他是《哈利·波特》系列小说的忠实粉丝，他也非常想要知道电影版《哈利·波特与魔法石》的更多内幕。当时，这部电影的预告片才刚刚新鲜出炉。

An OBE is one of the most popular honors given out by the British monarchy. There are currently five classes of the order stemming from knighthood down to an ordinary member of the British Empire. These honors are given out twice a year by the Queen as a way of marking civilian achievement. Rowling received what is called a “post-nominal” meaning, and she can sign her name as Joanne Rowling, OBE.

大英帝国勋章是在英国这个君主立宪制国家中最受欢迎的荣誉之一。目前有五个等级，从爵位到英国的普通民众。每年，女王会分两次颁发这些荣誉勋章，以奖励老百姓的成就。女王同意罗琳在勋衔上面签上她的本名——乔安妮·罗琳（Joanne Rowling）。

Several prominent authors have turn down the honor from the queen. CS Lewis, Roald Dahl and Aldous Huxley have all declined the award of the Order of the British Empire. J.G. Ballard turned down his nomination for a CBE from the Queen with a statement deploring those of a left wing persuasion who would accept and honor and kneel down in front of the Queen. Other figures who have turned down great honors from the palace include T.E. Lawrence (popularly known as Lawrence of Arabia), David Bowie, John Cleese (performer, known best for Monty Python), Francis Crick (who helped to discover DNA), and Nigella Lawson (chef and TV personality).

有几个著名的作家拒绝了女王授予的荣誉。路易斯（s）、罗尔德·达尔（Roald Dahl）和奥尔德斯·赫胥黎（Aldous Huxley），他们都拒绝了这个大英帝国授予的荣誉。巴拉德（J.G. Ballard）拒绝了女王授予的英帝国二等勋位爵士提名，并发出声明谴责左翼的说辞。因为左翼要求接受这一荣誉的人要在女王面前下跪。其他一些拒绝过这个由皇室赐予的、无上的荣誉的人还包括T.E劳伦斯（T.E. Lawrence）（人称“阿拉伯的劳伦斯”）、大卫· 鲍伊（David Bowie）、约翰·克里斯（John Cleese）（演员，著名代表作有《巨蟒剧团》）、弗朗西斯·克里克（Francis Crick）（他促进了发现DNA的进程）和奈洁拉·劳森（Nigella Lawson）（主厨，也是电视节目主持人）。

6.J.K. Rowling Is a Former Billionaire

6.J.K.罗琳是亿万富翁

J.K. Rowling was a billionaire until 2012 when a combination of charitable giving and high taxes removed her from the list. Rowling has invested and donated her money to a wide variety of both personal and global causes. In October 2013, the Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic at the University of Edinburgh opened with a 10 million pound donation from J.K. Rowling, whose mother suffered from a neurodegenerative disease and died at age 45. Rowling also started a charity, which she called Lumos, a reference to her famous novels. Lumos works to prevent the systematic institutionalization of children through Europe and tries to find them caring homes. She donated all of the auction proceeds, $1.95 million, of a special edition of her book “The Tales of Beetle the Bard” to Lumos, and the following year, the book was published widely with part of the proceeds also benefiting Lumos. She also has a charitable trust called Volant which works to fight social deprivation with a focus on women and children.

J.K.罗琳曾是一位亿万富翁。直到2012年，她加入了慈善捐赠机构，高额的税收让她跌出富豪榜上。J.K.罗琳把她的钱投资、捐赠在各种各样的事业上。这些事业不仅包括私人范畴的，而且还有世界范围的。2013年11月，“安妮罗琳再生神经学诊所”在爱丁堡大学开业。罗琳为这个诊所捐赠了一千万英镑，因为她的母亲曾患有神经组织退化的疾病（译注：多发性硬化症），并在45岁那年去世。除此之外，罗琳创建了一个名为“荧光闪烁（Lumos）”的慈善机构（译注：lumos solem为《哈利·波特》中赫敏的咒语），Lumos一词源自她的著名小说《哈利·波特》。荧光闪烁机构致力于改革欧洲领养孩子的惯有制度，尝试给孩子们寻找一个关心他们的家。罗琳把 《诗翁彼豆故事集》专刊拍卖所得的195万美元捐给了荧光闪烁组织。第二年，《诗翁彼豆故事集》被大量印刷出版，而其中一部分收入也捐给了“荧光闪烁”。罗琳还有一个名为Volant的公益信托基金，主要是为了帮助妇女儿童，与他们一起并肩作战，一起反抗社会对他们权益的剥夺。

Rowling is also involved with many other philanthropic missions regarding supporting single parents and helping to relieve social deprivation. She is also active with Doctors without Borders, Maggie's Centres for Cancer Care, Amnesty International, for whom she worked before she became an author, MS Society Scotland and Comic Relief. In 2011 alone, she gave away about 16 percent of her net worth, or near $160 million dollars. When asked about her money, Rowling says that the ultimate luxury is that she will never again have to worry about providing food for her children, remembering the petty humiliations and hardship of her recent past.

罗琳也参与了许多其他支持单亲父母和帮助减少社会剥夺的慈善代表团。此外，她还活跃在许多领域，如：无国界医生组织、玛吉癌症护理中心、苏格兰多发性硬化症协会、漫画救济以及在她成为作家之前曾工作过的国际特赦组织。仅2011年这一年，她就捐赠了她资产净值的百分之六十，约一亿六千万美元。当她谈到她的财产时，她说，她的终极目标就是她以后再也不用担心孩子们没有东西吃，而她一直记得过去因贫穷所受的侮辱和苦难。

5.J.K. Rowling Dreamed up the Idea for Harry Potter on a Train

5.J.K.罗琳在火车上创造了“哈利·波特”

J.K. Rowling first had her idea for Harry Potter while on a delayed train service from Manchester to London in 1990. On this fateful journey, she was traveling back to London on a crowded car, and she describes the idea as simply falling into her head. She remembers being the most excited she had ever been, and then realizing that she did not have a pen to write down her ideas. She was too shy to ask to borrow a pen from any of the people on the crowded coach, and so she was forced to retreat to her imagination. This particular train took four long hours, instead of the usual two hours, and Rowling sat and day dreamed about the boy she would call Harry. In her memoirs, she wonders how much of her wild idea slipped away because she was unable to write, but mostly she believes that those four hours were some of the best ideas for the books because she was able to dream and imagine without interruption. As soon as she arrived home in London, she began to write a story about a boy with black hair and spectacles.

在由曼彻斯特驶往伦敦的一辆晚点的火车上，J.K.罗琳第一次迸发了关于《哈利·波特》这本书的想法和灵感。在这一趟具有决定性意义的旅程中，她坐着拥挤的列车返回伦敦。忽然，一个想法掠过她的脑海。在她的记忆中，那是她从未有过的激动。而后她才意识到，她手边没有笔，无法写下这些想法。 而在这拥挤的车厢里，她又不好意思开口向其他人借笔。所以，她不得不压制住那些即将喷涌而出的灵感。这辆火车开了足足四个小时，而通常情况下只需两个小时就够了。罗琳一直坐在那里幻想着那个叫哈利的男孩。她在回忆录中写道，她想知道，当时到底有多少个绝妙的想法因为无法写下来而从她脑海中稍纵即逝。但她相信，在那四个小时里所构思的想法，一定是书中最棒的内容，因为她一直在畅想，没有任何停顿。当她一抵达伦敦的家，她就马上开始着手写下这个有着黑头发，戴着眼镜的男孩的故事。

Little did she know, this boy would someday become one of the most famous boys in the world.

她万万没想到，这个男孩有朝一日会变成世界上最有名的男孩之一。

ing Has Always Written under a Pen Name

4.罗琳常常用笔名写作

In fact, J.K. Rowling is not her real name. She was born Joanne Rowling, but adopted the 'K', her grandmother's initial, at the advice of her publisher to help keep the book anonymous because they did not believe that a fantasy book about wizards would be accepted when written by a woman. Indeed, her first ever piece of fan mail was addressed to her as “Dear Sir.”She continues writing under pen names, and most recently she tried to publish her novel “The Cuckoo's Calling” under the name Robert Galbraith. Almost immediately, the Internet cried out and knew that Robert Galbraith had to be Joanne Rowling. Rowling has written one other book under this pen name titled “The Silk Worm.” She chose this name by combining the name of her political hero, Robert F Kennedy and her childhood fantasy name, Ella Galbraith. Writing under this name was another attempt to make her work sound as though it was written by a man, and even the editor of the book believed that Robert Galbraith was man before the true author was revealed. This time, Rowling wanted to take her writing persona away from being J.K. Rowling, the creator of Harry Potter. Rowling was revealed to the press by a friend of one her lawyers, but not before Robert Galbraith sold 8,500 copies of the books and received two offers from television production companies. Rowling notes that Galbraith's initial success, before being outed, was similar to her own at the very beginning of her career. But, sales were not what mattered to Rowling, and as she said after her identity was revealed, if all she wanted to do was sell books she would have used her own name from the start.

事实上，J.K.罗琳并不是她的真名。她出生的时候叫乔安妮·罗琳。字母“K”,取自她祖母名字的首字母，在她的出版商的建议之下，她选择如此匿名。出版商们认为，人们不会相信这样一本充满幻想的书是一个女人写的。事实上，她的第一封粉丝邮件，信件开头称呼她为“亲爱的先生”。她一直坚持用笔名进行创作。前段时间，她也曾想以罗伯特·加尔布雷斯的名义出版她的最新小说——《布谷鸟的呼唤》。不多时，网上便传出“罗伯特·加尔布雷斯就是乔安妮·罗琳”的新闻。之后，罗琳又以此名义出版了另一本书，《蚕》。罗伯特·加尔布雷斯这个名字是她心目中的政治英雄罗伯特·F·肯尼迪和她童年时期幻想出的一个名字—艾拉加尔布雷斯的结合体。她使用这个名字另一个意图在于，这能使她的作品听起来像是一个男人写的。甚至在真相披露之前，连这本书的编辑都认为罗伯特·加尔布雷斯是个男人。在这本书里，罗琳想抛开J.K.罗琳的光环。因为谁都知道，她是“哈利·波特”这一形象的创造者。笔名一事是被罗琳一位律师的朋友给泄露出去的。但在此之前，“罗伯特·加尔布雷斯”卖出了8500本书，收到了两个电视制作公司的邀约。罗琳说,“加尔布雷斯”的初步成功，让她觉得她的职业生涯仿佛刚刚开始。但是，在她的身份被揭露后，她说销量对她来说并没有什么重要的。如果她想提高销量的话，她从一开始就会用她自己的名字。

校对:落花生 编辑:旭旭