巴黎恐袭突显法国本土恐怖威胁

Omar Ismael Mostefai was identified by a finger blown off in the blast of the explosive belt he detonated in a Parisian concert hall, trying to kill as many people around him as possible. But three years ago, in a quiet and residential district of Chartres, about an hour’s drive south of Paris, he seemed just like a normal chap.

法国警方根据一段被炸掉的手指确认了伊斯梅尔攠汙尔莫斯特费(Ismael Omar Mostefai)为此次巴黎恐怖袭击的嫌疑人，他在巴黎的一家音乐厅引爆了身上的炸药带，试图尽可能多地杀伤自己周边的人。但三年前，在巴黎以南约一小时车程的沙特尔(Chartres)的一个宁静的居民区，他看起来与常人无异。

“Omar was a really great guy, friendly, open,” said a neighbour who knew him and his family from 2005 to 2012, when they moved out. “He talked to the kids, played football with the neighbours.”

“那时奥马尔真的是个大好人、友善、坦诚，”一名在2005年到2012年认识他和他的家人的邻居说，“他跟孩子们聊天，与邻居一起踢足球。”2012年他们一家从这里搬走。

Alexandre, 21, also a neighbour, “Normal, really nothing ”

另一个邻居、21岁的亚历山大(Alexandre)也表示同意：“很正常，真的没什么特别。”

The 29-year-old was one of the seven Islamist suicide bombers who struck France in the deadliest attack in its history. With several other accomplices, they killed 132 and injured more than 350 indiscriminately in the French capital in a series of co-ordinated assaults that were meticulously planned.

这名29岁的年轻人是七名制造了法国历史上最致命袭击的伊斯兰主义自杀式炸弹袭击者之一。与其他几个同伙一起，他们在法国首都实施了一系列精心策划的协调攻击行动，不分青红皂白地杀害了132人，伤者超过350人。

Mostefai was also one of at least three France-born attackers in the group, which underlines how the threat of homegrown jihadis has become more severe since January, when three Islamist extremists murdered 17 in a series of shootings against the weekly magazine Charlie Hebdo, the police and a Jewish supermarket in Paris.

莫斯特费也是这些嫌疑犯中至少三名出生在法国的袭击者之一，这突显了今年1月以来法国本土圣战分子的威胁已变得更为严重，当时三名伊斯兰主义极端分子在针对巴黎的《查理周刊》(Charlie Hebdo)、警察以及一家犹太超市的一系列枪击事件中杀害了17人。

“It’s unfortunately not that surprising,” said Sebastien Pietrasanta, a French lawmaker, who wrote a report on homegrown terrorists. “We’ve moved up to another level with suicide bombings. But the risk to see more of this kind of attacks is real.”

“不幸的是，这并不让人意外，”曾撰写过关于本土恐怖分子报告的法国议员塞巴斯蒂安簠靟拉桑塔(Sebastien Pietrasanta)说，“我们已升级到另一个层次——自杀式炸弹袭击。但未来这种袭击增多的风险切实存在。”

The threat is particularly acute for France. With about 571 French nationals fighting for Isis or other terrorist organisations, the country has the largest contingent of foreign jihadis in Syria. Up to 141 have died there and about 246 have returned to France, according to French authorities.

对法国而言，这种威胁尤为严重。约有571名法国公民在为ISIS或其他恐怖组织战斗，法国在叙利亚拥有阵容最大的外国圣战分子队伍。据法国当局透露，这些人中，多达141人已经战死，约246人返回了法国。

This may be just the tip of the iceberg. About 2,000 French citizens are thought to be involved in jihadi cells in France, and a further 3,800 have been noted as showing signs of radicalisation.

这可能只是冰山的一角。约有2000名法国公民据信参与了法国境内的圣战组织，而另有3800名法国人已进入当局的视线，被认为具有极端化迹象。

Besides Mostefai, two other Frenchmen, two brothers, were identified as involved in Friday’s attacks. One blew himself up in a restaurant on Boulevard Voltaire while the other appears to have escaped.

除莫斯特费之外，另有两名法国人（两兄弟）也被确认参与了上周五的袭击。其中一人在伏尔泰大道(Boulevard Voltaire)的一家餐厅引爆了身上的炸药，而另一人似乎逃离了现场。