恐袭阴影中的巴黎气候谈判 Spirit of solidarity raises hopes of accord
The two-week UN climate change conferences held in a different city each year have a habit of being overshadowed by troubles elsewhere, from Afghan wars to EU financial crises.
从阿富汗战争到欧盟(EU)财政危机，每年在不同城市举行、每次为期两周的联合国气候变化会议总是因为其他地方的问题蒙上阴影。
But the meeting that starts next Monday in Paris will be the first in a city that has itself just been thrown into a state of emergency.
但本年度将于下周一在巴黎举行的会议，将首次在一个刚刚进入紧急状态的城市举行。
In the wake of the November 13 terrorist attacks that killed at least 130 people, the French hosts of the climate conference have already tightened security, cancelling public rallies that are a staple of such meetings.
在11月13日的恐怖袭击事件导致至少130人身亡后，本次气候会议的主办方法国已经加强了安保，取消了原本是这类会议重要内容的公共集会。
A march in Paris on the eve of the conference was expected to have been especially large because this climate meeting is supposed to produce the first new global climate accord in 18 years.
因为本次气候会议有望产生18年来首项新全球气候协议，人们原定于会议前夕在巴黎举行一次规模特别大的游行。
That raises a larger question: could the terrorist attacks have any effect on the outcome of such a consequential climate meeting?
这引出了一个更大的问题：恐怖主义袭击会不会影响这样一次可能产生重要结果的气候会议？
Some experts think it is possible.
一些专家认为这是有可能的。
“I think, if anything, it stiffens the spine in terms of determination to really solve what is the greatest collective action problem in history,” said Andrew Steer, president of the US-based World Resources Institute environmental group.
“如果说有什么影响的话，我认为这会加强人们真正解决史上最大集体行动问题的决心，”位于美国的环境团体世界资源研究所(World Resources Institute)的总裁安德鲁斯蒂尔(Andrew Steer)说。
Some 137 heads of state have confirmed their attendance for the first day of the talks, and they are likely to echo the outpouring of solidarity with France since the attacks. It is not going to be easy for them to then say “we are simply not in the mood to do a global deal now”, Mr Steer said last week.
大约137个国家的首脑已经确认会在会谈第一天出席，他们可能会呼应巴黎恐袭后涌现的团结一致的情绪。因此，声称“我们现在根本没有心情达成一项全球性协议”对他们来说并不容易，斯蒂尔上周表示。
Alden Meyer, a climate negotiations expert at the US Union of Concerned Scientists group who has attended all but one of the 20 previous UN climate conferences, agrees the attacks may encourage more unity at the Paris talks.
位于美国的忧思科学家联盟(Union of Concerned Scientists)的气候谈判专家奥尔登迈耶(Alden Meyer)参加了此前20次联合国气候会议中的19次，他认同袭击可能会促使巴黎气候谈判更为团结。
But Mr Meyer, an adviser to the Danish government — which hosted the last failed effort to strike a new climate accord, in Copenhagen, in 2009 — adds a note of caution, too. “There remain several very tough issues to be resolved in order to reach a good agreement at the end of the last day — or night — in Paris,” he told the Financial Times.
但作为丹麦政府（2009年哥本哈根气候变化大会的东道主，那次会议未能达成新的气候协定）的顾问，迈耶也提出了一条警告。他告诉英国《金融时报》的记者：“要在巴黎的最后一天——或者最后一晚——达成一项好的协议，还有几个十分棘手的问题需要解决。”
Others doubt the attacks will make much difference at all to negotiations as complex as the UN climate talks, riven by years of deadlock between rich and poor countries over sharing the burden of tackling climate change.
其他人则怀疑，恐怖袭击根本不会对像联合国气候谈判这样复杂的谈判产生很大影响。多年来富国和穷国就分担应对气候变化的负担的僵局，已经让联合国气候谈判四分五裂。
“Of course what happened in Paris should not have happened and nobody wants the loss of innocent lives,” said Meena Raman of the Malaysia-based Third World Network, a developing country non-profit group that monitors the climate negotiations.
“当然，巴黎发生了本不应该发生的事情，没人希望看到无辜的人丧命，”一直关注气候谈判、位于马来西亚的发展中国家非营利性组织“第三世界网络”(Third World Network)的米纳拉曼(Meena Raman)表示。
But thousands of people have been displaced or killed during past UN climate conferences as a result of typhoons and other events more directly linked to global warming, she said. “And yet you didn’t see developed countries being much more sympathetic about issues like loss and damage,” she told the FT, referring to one of several stumbling blocks that have to be resolved in Paris.
但是，拉曼表示，在过去一次次联合国气候会议无果而终的同时，已有成千上万人因为台风和其他一些与全球变暖有较直接关系的事件而流离失所或者丧命。提及巴黎气候谈判需要解决的几个障碍之一时，她这样告诉英国《金融时报》，“不过发达国家此前并未对损失和损害这样的问题表露出太多同情。”
The draft text of the accord to be negotiated in Paris includes support for developing countries facing loss and damage from global warming, including a “climate change displacement co- ordination facility”.
巴黎气候大会上要讨论的协议草案包括帮助发展中国家应对全球变暖造成的损失和损害，“气候变化所致流离失所问题协同应对机制”就是其中的措施之一。
Wealthy countries, who would have to foot the bill, are opposed to such measures being included in the final agreement.
那些将为此买单的富裕国家反对将这样的措施写入最终的协议中。
Even without the terror threat, the challenge of hosting one of France’s biggest diplomatic events in decades would be formidable. Some 40,000 people are expected to attend the climate conference, which the French government has been planning for nearly two years.
即使没有恐怖袭击的威胁，要举办这样一场法国几十年来最大的外交盛会，挑战也十分艰巨。预计将有大约4万人参加此次气候会议，法国政府已为此筹备了近两年。
The event will be held in a convention centre at the Le Bourget airfield in the north of Paris, not far from the Stade de France sports arena targeted in the November 13 attacks.
会议将在巴黎北郊布尔歇(Le Bourget)机场的一个会议中心举行，这里离11月13日巴黎恐怖袭击的一处目标，法兰西体育场(Stade de France)不远。
Le Bourget is a short drive from the street in the suburb of Saint-Denis where police last week stormed a building and killed the suspected ringleader of the attacks, Abdelhamid Abaaoud.
布尔歇距离巴黎北郊圣-德尼(Saint-Denis)警方上周突袭的街道只有一段短短的车程。警察上周冲进了那里的一栋建筑，击毙了疑为此次袭击头目的阿卜杜勒哈米德·阿巴伍德(Abdelhamid Abaaoud)。
As well as the dozens of world leaders due at next week’s meeting, a large group of prominent business executives are expected, along with official delegates from 195 countries, at least 3,000 journalists, and thousands of environmental campaigners and observers.
上百名世界各国领导人将出席下周的会议，预计参加会议的还有195个国家的官方代表、一大批知名企业高管、至少3000名记者，以及成千上万的环保活动人士和观察员。
Several side events are due to go ahead near the main conference site, but the cancellation of the Paris rally that had been expected to attract up to 200,000 people, has been a blow for climate campaigners.
在主会场附近还会举办几场相关活动。但是法国政府取消了原本预计将吸引多至20万人参加的巴黎集会，这对气候活动人士来说是一个打击。
“This is a source of huge regret, but we must respect the decision,” said Jean Fran漀椀猀 Julliard, executive director of Greenpeace France.
“虽然这非常遗憾，但是我们必须尊重这一决定，”绿色和平(Greenpeace)法国的执行董事让-弗朗索瓦ㄠ利亚尔(Jean-Francois Julliard)表示。
