土耳其总理称该国将实行总统制

Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the president of Turkey, will plough ahead with plans to overhaul the constitution and strengthen his own powers, his prime minister has signalled.

土耳其总理发出信号表明，总统雷杰普•塔伊普•埃尔多安(Recep Tayyip Erdogan)将推进修改宪法和加强其本人权力的计划。

Binali Yildirim said a strong presidential system was vital for stability after an opposition leader hinted at his support.

比纳利•耶伊尔德勒姆(Binali Yildirim)表示，一个强大的总统制对于稳定至关重要，此前一位反对党领袖暗示他的支持。

“Turkey must give the de facto situation a legal status,” he said yesterday. “We will at once take steps in this direction and let either parliament or the people decide.”

“土耳其必须给予事实上的现状一个法律地位，”他昨日表示，“我们将立即朝着这个方向采取行动，然后让议会或者人民来决定。”

Mr Yildirim’s comments pave the way for a referendum that could widen rifts between the millions of people who support Mr Erdogan and his opponents.

耶伊尔德勒姆的评论为公投铺平了道路，这样的公投可能扩大数百万埃尔多安的支持者和他的反对者之间的裂痕。

Turkey’s western allies and foreign investors have voiced increasing alarm at the erosion of checks and balances in an important Nato member and emerging economy since an attempted coup in July left 270 people dead.

在土耳其7月的一次未遂政变导致270人死亡后，土耳其的西方盟友和外国投资者表示，他们日益因一个重要北约(Nato)成员国和新兴经济体的制衡制度受到侵蚀而恐慌。

Mr Erdogan, who has dominated Turkey’s political scene since 2003, has long made clear his wish to switch from parliamentary system to a presidential one.

自2003年以来一直主宰土耳其政治舞台的埃尔多安长期明确表示，他希望将该国从议会制转为总统制。

The ruling Justice and Development party (AKP), which he co-founded, favours a US-style executive presidency that would allow strong decision-making and avoid a return to the volatile coalition politics of past decades.

埃尔多安共同创立的土耳其执政党正义与发展党(AKP)青睐美国式的由总统挂帅的行政当局，这样的体制将为强势决策打开大门，避免回到过去几十年动荡的联合执政的政治。

Critics have said the changes would enhance the power of a man who has undermined freedom of the press and judiciary and concentrated too much power in his own hands.

批评人士表示，这些改变将加强埃尔多安的权力，而他已经削弱了新闻和司法机构的自由，将过多权力一把抓在自己手里。

Mr Erdogan has strayed far from the largely ceremonial presidency laid out in the constitution since switching from the role of prime minister in 2014. His powers have been further strengthened by a state of emergency that allows him to rule by decree.

自2014年从总理转任总统后，埃尔多安已经远远偏离宪法规定的基本上只是仪式性的总统角色。未遂政变后出台的允许他通过法令执政的紧急状态，更使他的权力进一步加强。

Previous attempts to usher in a presidential system have been stymied by hostility from opposition parties and the public. The plan was the centrepiece of the AKP’s election platform in June 2015 and was blamed for its surprise failure to win an outright majority for the first time since 2002. The AKP regained its majority in snap elections five months later, but did not win the two-thirds parliamentary backing required to alter the constitution.

此前引入总统制的尝试因为反对党和公众的敌意而受阻。该计划是2015年6月正义与发展党竞选纲领的核心，曾被认为是该党意外地未能赢得绝对多数席位的原因，那是自2002年以来首次出现这种情况。正义与发展党在5个月后的提前选举中重新取得多数席位，但并未赢得修宪所需要的三分之二的议会席位。

However, 14 more seats would take it past the 330 required for a referendum.

然而，如果再多14个席位，该党掌握的席位就将超过举行公投所需要的330个席位。