美国宣布对ISIS发动网络战 首次公开动用网络武器

The US government has announced that it is launching a cyber warfare campaign against the Islamic State (IS). This is the first instance of the US Publicly using cyber attacks as a tool in warfare.

美国政府近日宣布,，将对"伊斯兰国"组织(IS)发动网络战。这是美国首次公开将网络攻击作为一种作战手段。

"I have given Cyber Command really its first wartime assignment," said Ashton Carter, the US defence secretary, speaking to the US Senate. "Even a few years ago, it would not have occurred to a Secretary of Defence to say, 'let's get cyber in the game', but here we have real opportunities."

美国国防部长阿什顿·卡特对美国参议院说：“我已经给网络司令部布置了第一项真正的作战任务。即使是几年前，一个国防部长也不会说'让网络参与战局'。但是现在已经具备切实的可能性。”

The US will use its arsenal of digital tools to weaken IS's online communications network, and its access to money and trade. Carter said the cyber tactics would look to disrupt "their ability to command their forces, interrupting their ability to plot", and hamper "their finances, their ability to pay people".

美国将使用其数字化工具“武器库”削弱IS的在线通信网络并破坏该组织获取资金、进行贸易的渠道。卡特表示，网络攻击手段将着眼于扰乱他们指挥武装力量的能力，干扰他们策划阴谋的能力，削弱他们的财力以及雇用士兵的能力。

Isil's cyber capabilities have been well documented. It released a security manual that revealed part of its cyber strategy in the week after the Paris attacks.

“伊斯兰国”组织的网络能力已经有翔实的资料佐证。巴黎袭击事件发生后的那周内，该组织发布了一份安全手册，泄露了部分网络战术。

Advice included using the Tor browser and secure email. It also places great emphasis on communicating through social media, including Facebook and Twitter, and messaging apps, such as Telegram and WhatsApp. It even launched a 'help desk' on encrypted messaging app Telegram.

所提供的建议包括使用洋葱浏览器与可靠的电子邮箱。该组织尤其强调通过社交媒体与潜在的支持者沟通，包括脸书和推特以及Telegram和WhatsApp软件。“伊斯兰国”组织甚至在加密即时通讯应用软件Telegram上建立一个“帮助桌面”。

Public companies, including Facebook and Telegram have joined the cyber fight against Isil. Facebook, for instance, receives more than a million reports every day about objectionable content, ranging from nudity to terrorism, on the site.

报道称，包括脸书和Telegram在内，一些公司已经加入这场对“伊斯兰国”组织的网络战。例如，脸书网站每天收到逾百万份有关违禁内容的报告，内容从色情到恐怖主义。

Monika Bickert, who oversees the team that polices content on Facebook, including terrorism-related activity, told the Telegraph: "One thing we’ve heard time and time again from academics is if you want to find terrorists online or those supporting terrorist ideologies, the best thing is to find their friends. So when we become aware of an account supporting terrorism, we look at associated accounts so we can remove them immediately."

脸书内容管理团队的主管莫妮卡·比克特对记者说：“我们不时从学者那里听到的一点是，要想发现网络上的恐怖分子或者支持恐怖主义思想的人，最好的办法就是找到他们的朋友。所以我们发现一个支持恐怖主义的账户后，就会查看关联账户，立即清除这些账户。”