不健康的假日:5天的垃圾食品会如何伤害你的新陈代谢

The bliss of the sun, the change of scenery… there's something about holidays that makes us think we can overindulge without doing our waistlines much harm. But just five days of eating more fatty food than usual can have a longer-lasting effect than we realise.

明媚的阳光、不一样的风景……假日会让我们过度放纵自己，以为腰围不会变粗。但只需5天，如果这5天你吃的油腻食物比平时更多，那造成的影响会比我们意识到的更长久。

What's more, it continues even after we return to our normal eating habits, a study has found. Repeated blowouts could lead to weight gain, obesity and other health problems. 'Most people think they can indulge in high-fat foods for a few days and get away with it,' said Dr Matt Hulver, who carried out the study in the US.

此外，一项研究发现，当我们回归正常饮食时，这种影响还会继续。不断地吃大餐会导致体重上升、引起其它的健康问题。"大多数人觉得可以偶尔吃几天高脂食物，而且能很快甩掉这些脂肪，"马特·赫夫尔博士说道，正是他在美国开展了这项研究。

'But all it takes is five days for your body's muscles to start to protest. This research shows our bodies can respond dramatically to changes in diet in a shorter time frame than we have previously thought.' Five days of indulgence is enough to alter the metabolism, the study found, weakening our ability to process food effectively even when we do start eating healthily again.

"只需5天，你的身体肌肉就开始抗议了。这一研究表明：我们的身体对饮食的短期变化反应极大，远远超过了我们之前的想象。"研究发现：5天的纵容足以改变新陈代谢，削弱我们有效消化食物的能力，即使我们重新吃回健康的食物后还是如此。

Volunteers who ate a high-fat-diet for five days were less able to process sugar after the experiment was completed. After five days of eating lots of fat, the muscles' ability to oxidise glucose (sugar) - one of the stages of breaking it down to use it into energy - was disrupted

实验完成后，连续吃5天高脂食物的志愿者处理糖分的能力变弱。连续5天吃了很多脂肪后，肌肉丧失了氧化葡萄糖的能力--这是分解葡萄糖使其转变为能量的阶段之一。

Processing sugar in the muscles is one of the key ways that the body absorbs calories. Dr Hulver, from the Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, said: 'There are plenty of times when we eat fatty foods for a few days, be it the holidays, vacations or other celebrations.

在肌肉中处理糖是身体吸收卡路里的主要方式。弗吉尼亚理工大学农学与生命科学学院的赫夫尔博士说："很多时候我们会连续几天都吃脂肪食物，不管是假期、度假，还是其它庆典的日子。"

'But those high-fat diets can change a person's normal metabolism in a very short time.' During the study, which was published in the journal Obesity, healthy university students were fed a fat-laden diet including sausages, macaroni cheese and other food loaded with butter.

"但这些高脂饮食能在极短的时间内改变一个人正常的新陈代谢。"该研究发表在《肥胖》期刊上，在研究过程中，研究员给健康的大学生提供富含脂肪的食物，包括香肠、通心粉芝士和其它含黄油的食物。

They consumed the same amount of calories as before the study, but more came from fat. Dr Hulver found the muscles' ability to oxidise glucose was disrupted after five days of the high-fat diet. After we eat, our muscles break down glucose by oxidising it for energy or storing it for later use.

实验前，他们摄入了相同量的卡路里，但更多的是来自于脂肪。赫夫尔博士发现：连续5天的高脂饮食之后，肌肉氧化葡萄糖的能力丧失了。吃过东西后，我们的肌肉会通过氧化葡萄糖将其分解转化为能量，或贮存起来留有后用。