直接引语与间接引语中情态动词的变化
1.Direct Speech Indirect Speech (Future)
1.直接引语与间接引语（将来时态）
Future simple, “will” changes to “would”
将来时比较简单，只用把“will”改为“would”。
She said, “I will buy food for dinner”
她说：“我将要买晚餐用的食物”
She said that she would buy food for dinner.
她说她将买晚餐要用的食物。
2. Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Indirect Speech
2.间接引语中的情态助动词
Can you remember what a modal verb is in English or what its function is?
你还记得，在英语中，什么是情态动词以及它的作用是什么吗？
Modals are used to show modality. This means they provide extra information when used in a sentence, they may show a persons ability, obligation, possibility or permission for example.
情态动词是用来表示情态的。这意味着在使用情态动词时，它们在一个句子中能提供额外信息，例如：他们可以表达某人的能力、义务、或某事的可能性或得到许可。
With indirect speech you must change the modal verbs; can, may and must from the present tense to the past tense. Whereas the modals; would, could, should, ought to and might do not change when using the indirect speech.
使用间接引语时，你必须改变情态动词：“can”，“may”和“must”从现在时态转换为过去时态。而情态动词：“would”，“could”，“should”，“ought to”和“might”在间接引语中则保持不变。
3. Modal Verbs that Change in Indirect Speech
3.间接引语中变化的情态动词
Let’s look at some examples to see how modal verbs work with indirect speech.
让我们来看一些例子，看看情态动词在间接引语中的作用。
She said, “I can speak five languages.”
她说：“我会说五种语言。”
She said that she could speak five languages.
她说她会说五种语言。
She said, “I can’t speak a foreign language”
她说：“我不会说外语。”
She said that she could not speak a foreign language.
她说她不会说外语。
He said, “I may need time off work”
他说：“我可能需要休假。”
He said that he might need time off work.
他说他可能需要休假。
The teenagers said, “We must be home before 10 P.M.”
少年们说：“我们必须在晚上10点之前到家。”
The teenagers said that they had to be home before 10 P.M.
少年们说，他们必须在晚上10点以前回家。
The examples above show us that the modal verb can changes to could, may changes might and must changes to had to.
上面的例子告诉我们情态动词“can”变为“could”，“may”变为“might”，“must”变为“had tp”。
4. Modal Verbs that Don’t Change in Indirect Speech
4.间接引语中不变化的情态动词
As I said other modals don’t change when using indirect speech but you may still have to change the pronoun, the word order or the adverb of time. Read the examples below to see what I mean.
正如我所说的，在使用间接引语时，其他情态动词不用改变。但你可能还是得改变一些代词，词序或时间副词。阅读下面的例子，你就明白我的意思啦。
She said, “I would travel the world if I had enough money”
她说：“如果我有足够的钱，我会周游世界。”
She said that she would travel the world if she had enough money.
她说如果她有足够的钱，她会周游世界。
The students said, “we should study more before our exams”
学生们说：“我们应该在考试前多复习”。
The students said they should study more before their exams.
学生们说他们应该在考试前多学习。
Future continuous, “will be” changes to “would be”
将来进行时中，“will be”转换为“would be”。
They said, “there will be a party next weekend”
他们说：“下周将举行一个聚会。”
They said that there would be a part next weekend.
他们说，下周将举行一个聚会。
Future perfect, “will have” changes to “would have”
将来完成时中，“wil have”转换为“would have”。
I said, “I will have to study more for my exams”
我说：“为了考试我得多学习一会儿”。
I said that I would have to study more for my exams.
我说我要为考试而多学习一会儿。
He said, “I might go to the concert”
他说：“我可能去听音乐会。”
He said that he might go to the concert.
他说他可能去听音乐会。
Ryan said, “I could go to the shop later.”
赖安说：“我可以晚一点去商店。”
Ryan said that he could go to the shop later.
赖安说他可以晚些时候去商店。
Sarah said, “I ought to buy a new car”
莎拉说：“我应该买一辆新车。”
Sarah said that she ought to buy a new car.
莎拉说她应该买一辆新车。
5. Pronouns in Indirect Speech
5.间接引语中的代词
Another important rule to note is the change in pronoun. Did you wonder why in some of the examples above the pronoun changed? For example:
另一条重要的规则是代词的变化。你想知道为什么在上面的一些例子中，代词发生了变化吗？例如:
She said, “I play football”
她说：“我踢足球”。
She said that she played football.
她说她踢足球。
She said, “I will buy food for dinner”
她说：“我要买晚餐用的食物”。
She said that she would buy food for dinner.
她说她将买些晚餐要用的食物。
The subject or the pronoun of the second part of the sentence, the indirect speech, is the pronoun that must be changed.
句子中第二部分的主语或代词，就是间接引语中必须改变的代词。
We have to look at the first part of the sentence, see what verb or pronoun is being used and change the pronoun, in the second part of the sentence, in accordance to this.
我们必须看句子的第一部分，看看在这个句子中使用了什么动词或代词。然后改变句中第二部分的代词，使其与第一部分的人称保持一致。
For example:
例如：
She said, “I am scared of spiders”
她说：“我害怕蜘蛛”。
She said that she was scared of spiders.
她说她害怕蜘蛛。
They said, “we want dinner”
他们说：“我们想要晚餐”。
They said that they wanted dinner.
他们说他们想要晚餐。
Don’t forget to change the verb in accordance to the pronoun, I am scared – She is scared.
别忘了改变动词，使其与代词保持一致，我很害怕——她很害怕。
