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英语疑问代词的用法

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疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。接下来,小编给大家准备了英语疑问代词的用法,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

英语疑问代词的用法

指人:who,whom,whose

指物:what

既可指人又可指物:which

2)疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。what,which,whose还可作限定词。试比较:

疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk?

桌上的书是谁的?

What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial1 expansion?

美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?

限定词:Whose books are these on the desk?

桌上的书是谁的?

What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?

说明1:

无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:

Which girls do you like best?

你喜欢哪几个姑娘?

What girls do you like best?

你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

说明2:

Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom,例如:

Who(m)did you meet on the street?

你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)

Who(m)are you taking the book to?

你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)

To whom did you speak on the campus?

你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

说明3:

疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:

For what do most people live and work?

大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)

What are you looking for?

你在找什么?(现代英语)

说明4:

疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:

I can’t make out what he is driving at.

我不知道他用意何在。

Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?

你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?

Much of what you say I agree with,but I cannot go all the way with you.

你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。

  扩展:副词及其基本用法

副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。

一、副词的位置:

1)在动词之前。

2)在be动词、助动词之后。

3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

注意:

a.大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.

b.方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。

He speaks English well.

二、副词的排列顺序:

1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。

2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。

Please write slowly and carefully.

3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。

改错:

(错)I very like English.

(对)I like English very much.

注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

I don’t know him well enough.

There is enough food for everyone to eat.

There is food enough for everyone to eat.

兼有两种形式的副词

1)close与closely

close意思是“近”;closely1 意思是“仔细地”

He is sitting close to me.

Watch him closely.

2)late 与lately

late意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”

You have come too late.

What have you been doing lately?

3)deep与deeply

deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.

Even father was deeply moved by the film.

4)high与highly

high表示空间高度;highly2表示程度,相当于much

The plane was flying high.

I think highly of your opinion.

5)wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方”

He opened the door wide.

English is widely used in the world.

6)free与freely

free的意思是“免费”;freely 的意思是“无限制地”

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

You may speak freely;say what you like.